Isilungelelanisi esithambileyo, ngakumbi i isilungelelanisi se-slack esizenzekelayo (ASA), licandelo elibalulekileyo lokhuseleko kwiinkqubo ze-drum brake zezithuthi zorhwebo (ezifana neelori, iibhasi, kunye neetrailer). Umsebenzi wayo unzima kakhulu kunomsebenzi wentonga elula yokudibanisa.
1. Yintoni kanye kanye?
Ngamagama alula, isilungelelanisi se-slack yi "bridge" kunye "nomlawuli ohlakaniphile" phakathi kweigumbi lokuqhekeza(eyaziwa ngokuba yi "air can" okanye "brakepot") kunye neS-camshaft(okanye uqhawule icamshaft).
Umsebenzi weBridge:** Xa ucinezela i-pedal ye-brake, i-chamber ye-brake ikhupha i-pushrod. Le pushrod isebenza kwi-adjuster ye-slack, ethi ijikeleze i-S-camshaft. I-camshaft emva koko isasaza izihlangu ze-brake ngokwahlukeneyo, ukunyanzela iileyili ngokuchasene nedrum ye-brake ukudala ukungqubuzana kunye nokuyeka amandla.
Umsebenzi woLawulo:Le yindima yayo ebaluleke ngakumbi. Ibuyekeza ngokuzenzekela ukonyuka kococeko okubangelwa kukuguga kwebrake lining, iqinisekisa ukuba i- pushrod’s stroke (ehlala ibizwa ngokuba “yibrake stroke” okanye “uhambo lwasimahla”) isoloko ikuluhlu olufanelekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha ibrake ifakwa.
2. Kutheni Isetyenziswa? (Incwadana vs. Ezenzekelayo)
Ngaphambi kokuba izilungelelaniso ezizenzekelayo ze-slack zibe ngumgangatho, izithuthi ezisetyenzisiweyoukwehla ngesandlaabalungisi.
- Ukungaphumeleli kwii-Manual Slack Adjusters:
1. Ukuxhomekeka kwiZakhono: Kufuneka umkhandi ajike isikrufu sokulungelelanisa ngokusekwe kumava kunye nokuziva, ukwenza ukuchaneka kube nzima ukuqinisekisa.
2. Ulungelelwaniso olungalinganiyo:Kukhokeleleka ngokulula kwi-brake clearance phakathi kwamavili asekhohlo nasekunene esithuthi, okubangela ukutsalwa kweziqhoboshi (imoto ijikela kwelinye icala ngexesha loqhoqhoqho) kunye nokungalingani kwamatayara (“amavili” aqhawukileyo).
3. Imingcipheko yoKhuseleko:Ucoceko olugqithisileyo lubangele ukulibaziseka kwebraking kunye nemigama emide yokumisa. Ukungacocwa ngokwaneleyo kunokukhokelela ekutsaleni iziqhoboshi, ukutshisa kakhulu, kunye nokusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha.
4. Ukuchitha ixesha kunye noKusebenza nzima: Ukuhlolwa okufunekayo rhoqo kunye nokulungelelaniswa, ukwandisa iindleko zokugcinwa kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lemoto.
- Izinto eziluncedo kwii-Automatic Slack Adjusters:
1. Ugcina uCaciso oluLungileyo ngokuzenzekelayo:Akukho ngenelelo lwezandla olufunekayo; Ihlala igcina ukukhutshwa kwebrake kwixabiso elilelona eliyiliweyo.
2. Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka:Iqinisekisa impendulo ekhawulezileyo nenamandla yebrake, inciphisa imigama yokuma, kwaye yongeza ukhuseleko luphela.
3. Ezoqoqosho kwaye Esebenzayo:I-balanced braking ikhokelela ekugugeni ngakumbi kwamatayara kunye ne-brake linings, ukwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza.
4. ULondolozo oluphantsi kunye noLulelo:Ngokusisiseko, akunasondlo, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla kwesithuthi kunye neendleko zabasebenzi.
3. Isebenza Njani? (Umgaqo ongundoqo)
Ingaphakathi layo liqulethe ubuchuleIndlela enye yokubambisa indlela(idla ngokuba yi-worm and gear assembly).
1. Ukucoceka kweeMva 
ukuchama ngamnyeukukhululwa kwebrakeumjikelo, indlela yangaphakathi ye-ASA iva umgama wokuhamba wokubuyela kwi-pushrod.
2. Isinxibo esiQinisekisayo:Ukuba i-linings ye-brake igugile, i-clearance inkulu, kwaye uhambo lokubuya kwe-pushrod luya kudlula ixabiso eliqhelekileyo elimiselweyo.
3. Ukwenziwa Uhlengahlengiso:Nje ukuba kubhaqwe uhambo olugqithileyo lokubuya, i-one-way clutch iyazibandakanya. Esi senzo sijika isixhobo seentshulube sisixa esincinci, ngokufanelekileyo “sithabathe i-sleck” kwaye siqhubele phambili kwindawo yokuqala yecamshaft nge-engile encinci.
4. Isenzo seNdlela enye:Olu hlengahlengisokwenzeka kuphela ngexesha lokukhululwa kwebrake. Xa iziqhoboshi zifakwa, i-clutch iyayikhupha, ithintela uhlengahlengiso ukuba lonakaliswe ngamandla amakhulu okuqhobosha.
Le nkqubo iphinda ngokuqhubekayo, ifezekisa imbuyekezo "yokunyuka, ukubuyisela umva, ngokuzenzekelayo" kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-braking engaguqukiyo.
4. IiNgqwalasela eziphambili kunye neZenzo eziGqwesileyo
1. Ukuhlohla okuchanekileyo kunye nokuQalisa:
- Eli lelona nyathelo libalulekileyo! Emva kokufaka isilungelelanisi esitsha esizenzekelayo, wenakufunekaisete ngesandla “kwindawo yokuqala esemgangathweni.” Indlela eqhelekileyo yile: vula isikrufu sohlengahlengiso ngokwewotshi de sime (esibonisa ukuba izihlangu zinxibelelana ngokupheleleyo negubu), kwaye emva koko ** uyibuyisele kwinani elichaziweyo lokujika okanye ucofe ** (umzekelo, "umva ucofe ama-24"). Imali engachanekanga yokubuyisela umva iyakubangela ukutsalwa kwebrake okanye inike uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo lungasebenzi.
2. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo:
- Nangona ibizwa ngokuba “yi-automatic,” ayilungiswanga ngokupheleleyo. I- pushrod stroke kufuneka ilinganiswe rhoqo ngerula ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihleli phakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo lomenzi. Ukunyuka ngesiquphe kubude be-stroke kubonisa ukuba i-ASA ngokwayo inokuba nempazamo okanye kukho omnye umba wenkqubo yebrake (umzekelo, i-camshaft ebanjiweyo).
3. Faka enye indawo ngezibini:
- Ukuqinisekisa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-braking force kwi-axle, kucetyiswa kakhulu ukubabuyisela izilungelelanisi ezithambileyo kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-asi enye ngababini, usebenzisa uphawu olufanayo kunye neemveliso zemodeli.
4. Umgangatho ngowona ubalulekileyo:
- Izilungelelanisi ezikwizinga eliphantsi ezithambileyo zinokusebenzisa imathiriyeli engekho mgangathweni, zinonyango lobushushu obuphantsi, okanye ukuchaneka okuphantsi komatshini. Iindlela zabo zokubambelela ezingaphakathi zinokutyibilika, ziguge, okanye zophuke phantsi kwemithwalo enzima kunye nokuqhokra rhoqo. Oku kukhokelela kuhlengahlengiso lwe-“pseudo-automatic” okanye ukungaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo, oko kubeka esichengeni ukhuseleko lwesithuthi ngoko nangoko.
Isishwankathelo
Isilungisi esixekileyo ngumzekelo obalaseleyo "wecandelo elincinci elinempembelelo enkulu." Ngoyilo lomatshini olukrelekrele, izenzela inkqubo ebifuna ukugcinwa kwezandla, iphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko olusebenzayo kunye noqoqosho lwezithuthi zorhwebo. Kubanini nabaqhubi, ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwayo ngumba osisiseko wokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ezindleleni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-20-2025